1. Plastic Material
The complexity of plastic material properties determines the complexity of the injection molding process. And the properties of plastic materials may vary greatly with different varieties, brands, manufacturers, and even batches. Different properties, in turn, can lead to completely different molding results.

2. Injection Temperature
The plastic melt flows into the cooled cavity, and loses some heat due to conduction. At the same time, heat is generated as a result from the shearing, which may or may not produce more heat than what the conduction dissipates, depending on the molding conditions. The viscosity of the melt decreases with increasing temperature. In this way, the higher the injection temperature, the lower the viscosity of the melt and the lower the filling pressure required. Also, the injection temperature is limited by both thermal degradation and decomposition temperatures.

3. Mold Temperature
The lower the mold temperature, the faster the loss of heat due to conduction, the lower the melt temperature, and hence the poorer the flowability. This is especially true when using lower injection rates.

4. Injection Time
The impact of injection time on the molding process lies in three areas:
(1) Reducing injection time will increase the shear strain rate. The injection pressure to fill should be increased accordingly.
(2) As reducing injection time will increase the shear strain rate, the viscosity of the melt decreases due to the shear thinning properties. The injection pressure required to fill the cavity will also decrease.
(3) Reducing injection time will increase the shear strain rate. The greater the shear heating is, the less will be the heat loss from conduction . Thus the melt temperature increases, and the viscosity will lowers. The desired injection pressure to fill the cavity should also be reduced.
The combined effect of the above three conditions results in a “U” shape  curve of the injection pressure required to fill the cavity. In other words, there exists an injection time when the injection pressure required is minimal.